VotePredictor

Rankings

Congress over the past decade — the 114th–119th (2015–present) — ranked. By default these lists show members currently in office; tick Include former members to fold in everyone who has served since 2015. Overall lean uses DW-NOMINATE; fiscal and civil-liberties leans use the compass's economic and authority axes; hot-button and per-issue lists use vote scores — all derived from roll-call votes.

Donald Trump (R) — President

Scored from stated positions (Voteview presidential DW-NOMINATE): +0.40 — more conservative than 61% of the members who served this past decade; he'd slot in around #379 of 971most conservative. (He casts no roll-call votes, so he isn't on the compass, issue, or quiz views.)

The extremes

Most conservative

Overall lean (DW-NOMINATE)

  1. 1
    Pat Harrigan
    R · NC-10 · House
    +0.97
  2. 2
    Tommy Tuberville
    R · AL · Senate
    +0.94
  3. 3
    Brad Knott
    R · NC-13 · House
    +0.92
  4. 4
    Richard McCormick
    R · GA-7 · House
    +0.89
  5. 5
    Mike Lee
    R · UT · Senate
    +0.89
  6. 6
    Eric Schmitt
    R · MO · Senate
    +0.89
  7. 7
    Rand Paul
    R · KY · Senate
    +0.88
  8. 8
    Ralph Norman
    R · SC-5 · House
    +0.85
  9. 9
    Mark Harris
    R · NC-8 · House
    +0.84
  10. 10
    Josh Brecheen
    R · OK-2 · House
    +0.84

Most liberal

Overall lean (DW-NOMINATE)

  1. 1
    Sylvia R. Garcia
    D · TX-29 · House
    -0.77
  2. 2
    Elizabeth Warren
    D · MA · Senate
    -0.74
  3. 3
    Maxine Waters
    D · CA-43 · House
    -0.66
  4. 4
    Sean Casten
    D · IL-6 · House
    -0.63
  5. 5
    Pramila Jayapal
    D · WA-7 · House
    -0.61
  6. 6
    Yvette D. Clarke
    D · NY-9 · House
    -0.61
  7. 7
    Janice D. Schakowsky
    D · IL-9 · House
    -0.60
  8. 8
    Lauren Underwood
    D · IL-14 · House
    -0.59
  9. 9
    Bonnie Watson Coleman
    D · NJ-12 · House
    -0.59
  10. 10
    Emily Randall
    D · WA-6 · House
    -0.59

Most fiscally conservative

Economic axis (free-market)

  1. 1
    Alan Armstrong
    R · OK · Senate
    +0.95
  2. 2
    Eric Schmitt
    R · MO · Senate
    +0.68
  3. 3
    Tommy Tuberville
    R · AL · Senate
    +0.65
  4. 4
    Mike Lee
    R · UT · Senate
    +0.64
  5. 5
    Rick Scott
    R · FL · Senate
    +0.61
  6. 6
    Katie Boyd Britt
    R · AL · Senate
    +0.60
  7. 7
    Pete Ricketts
    R · NE · Senate
    +0.59
  8. 8
    Josh Hawley
    R · MO · Senate
    +0.59
  9. 9
    Jon Husted
    R · OH · Senate
    +0.56
  10. 10
    Bernie Moreno
    R · OH · Senate
    +0.56

Most fiscally liberal

Economic axis (state / redistribution)

  1. 1
    Alex Padilla
    D · CA · Senate
    -0.77
  2. 2
    Raphael G. Warnock
    D · GA · Senate
    -0.77
  3. 3
    Mark Kelly
    D · AZ · Senate
    -0.76
  4. 4
    Jon Ossoff
    D · GA · Senate
    -0.75
  5. 5
    John W. Hickenlooper
    D · CO · Senate
    -0.70
  6. 6
    Amy Klobuchar
    D · MN · Senate
    -0.69
  7. 7
    Richard J. Durbin
    D · IL · Senate
    -0.69
  8. 8
    Ron Wyden
    D · OR · Senate
    -0.69
  9. 9
    Elizabeth Warren
    D · MA · Senate
    -0.68
  10. 10
    Kirsten E. Gillibrand
    D · NY · Senate
    -0.67

Crossing the aisle

Members who break from their party — ranked by how far they lean toward the other side.

Most liberal Republicans

Overall lean (DW-NOMINATE)

  1. 1
    Susan M. Collins
    R · ME · Senate
    +0.12
  2. 2
    Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    R · PA-1 · House
    +0.14
  3. 3
    Kimberlyn King-Hinds
    R · MP · House
    +0.16
  4. 4
    Christopher H. Smith
    R · NJ-4 · House
    +0.18
  5. 5
    Michael Lawler
    R · NY-17 · House
    +0.19
  6. 6
    Thomas H. Kean, Jr.
    R · NJ-7 · House
    +0.20
  7. 7
    Lisa Murkowski
    R · AK · Senate
    +0.20
  8. 8
    Andrew R. Garbarino
    R · NY-2 · House
    +0.24
  9. 9
    David P. Joyce
    R · OH-14 · House
    +0.25
  10. 10
    Nick LaLota
    R · NY-1 · House
    +0.25

Most conservative Democrats

Overall lean (DW-NOMINATE)

  1. 1
    Marie Gluesenkamp Perez
    D · WA-3 · House
    -0.10
  2. 2
    Jared F. Golden
    D · ME-2 · House
    -0.11
  3. 3
    Laura Gillen
    D · NY-4 · House
    -0.16
  4. 4
    Josh Gottheimer
    D · NJ-5 · House
    -0.17
  5. 5
    Eugene Simon Vindman
    D · VA-7 · House
    -0.17
  6. 6
    John Fetterman
    D · PA · Senate
    -0.18
  7. 7
    Scott H. Peters
    D · CA-50 · House
    -0.19
  8. 8
    Jim Costa
    D · CA-21 · House
    -0.20
  9. 9
    Bradley Scott Schneider
    D · IL-10 · House
    -0.20
  10. 10
    Josh Riley
    D · NY-19 · House
    -0.20

Least fiscally conservative Republicans

Economic axis (state / redistribution)

  1. 1
    James Gallagher
    R · CA-1 · House
    -0.64
  2. 2
    Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr.
    R · PA-8 · House
    -0.07
  3. 3
    Clay Fuller
    R · GA-14 · House
    -0.03
  4. 4
    Jimmy Patronis
    R · FL-1 · House
    -0.02
  5. 5
    Matt Van Epps
    R · TN-7 · House
    -0.01
  6. 6
    Gabe Evans
    R · CO-8 · House
    -0.01
  7. 7
    Michael A. Rulli
    R · OH-6 · House
    -0.01
  8. 8
    Mark B. Messmer
    R · IN-8 · House
    +0.00
  9. 9
    Jeff Hurd
    R · CO-3 · House
    +0.00
  10. 10
    Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    R · PA-1 · House
    +0.01

Most fiscally conservative Democrats

Economic axis (free-market)

  1. 1
    Donald G. Davis
    D · NC-1 · House
    -0.06
  2. 2
    Henry Cuellar
    D · TX-28 · House
    -0.15
  3. 3
    Adam Gray
    D · CA-13 · House
    -0.22
  4. 4
    Marie Gluesenkamp Perez
    D · WA-3 · House
    -0.24
  5. 5
    Nikki Budzinski
    D · IL-13 · House
    -0.25
  6. 6
    Greg Landsman
    D · OH-1 · House
    -0.26
  7. 7
    Gabe Vasquez
    D · NM-2 · House
    -0.26
  8. 8
    Jim Costa
    D · CA-21 · House
    -0.27
  9. 9
    Jared F. Golden
    D · ME-2 · House
    -0.29
  10. 10
    Brittany Pettersen
    D · CO-7 · House
    -0.29

Beyond left–right

The compass's authority axis (personal freedom ↔ state control), plus who sits nearest the center of Congress.

Mavericks & loyalists

How far a member's 14-issue voting profile sits from their own party's median — who strays furthest, and who hugs the party line.

Hot-button issues

Per-issue lean scored from votes on each topic (−1 liberal ↔ +1 conservative).

Strongest gun-rights record

Guns (conservative)

  1. 1
    Nicholas J. Begich III
    R · AK · House
    +1.00
  2. 2
    Dan Sullivan
    R · AK · Senate
    +1.00
  3. 3
    Lisa Murkowski
    R · AK · Senate
    +1.00
  4. 4
    Dale W. Strong
    R · AL-5 · House
    +1.00
  5. 5
    Katie Boyd Britt
    R · AL · Senate
    +1.00
  6. 6
    Tommy Tuberville
    R · AL · Senate
    +1.00
  7. 7
    John Boozman
    R · AR · Senate
    +1.00
  8. 8
    Elijah Crane
    R · AZ-2 · House
    +1.00
  9. 9
    Juan Ciscomani
    R · AZ-6 · House
    +1.00
  10. 10
    Abraham J. Hamadeh
    R · AZ-8 · House
    +1.00

Strongest gun-control record

Guns (liberal)

  1. 1
    Shomari Figures
    D · AL-2 · House
    -1.00
  2. 2
    Yassamin Ansari
    D · AZ-3 · House
    -1.00
  3. 3
    Mark Kelly
    D · AZ · Senate
    -1.00
  4. 4
    Lateefah Simon
    D · CA-12 · House
    -1.00
  5. 5
    Sam T. Liccardo
    D · CA-16 · House
    -1.00
  6. 6
    George Whitesides
    D · CA-27 · House
    -1.00
  7. 7
    Luz M. Rivas
    D · CA-29 · House
    -1.00
  8. 8
    Laura Friedman
    D · CA-30 · House
    -1.00
  9. 9
    Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr.
    D · CA-31 · House
    -1.00
  10. 10
    Derek Tran
    D · CA-45 · House
    -1.00

Most anti-abortion

Abortion & reproductive rights (conservative)

  1. 1
    Nicholas J. Begich III
    R · AK · House
    +1.00
  2. 2
    Barry Moore
    R · AL-1 · House
    +1.00
  3. 3
    Dale W. Strong
    R · AL-5 · House
    +1.00
  4. 4
    Elijah Crane
    R · AZ-2 · House
    +1.00
  5. 5
    Juan Ciscomani
    R · AZ-6 · House
    +1.00
  6. 6
    Abraham J. Hamadeh
    R · AZ-8 · House
    +1.00
  7. 7
    Vince Fong
    R · CA-20 · House
    +1.00
  8. 8
    Jay Obernolte
    R · CA-23 · House
    +1.00
  9. 9
    Young Kim
    R · CA-40 · House
    +1.00
  10. 10
    Jeff Hurd
    R · CO-3 · House
    +1.00

Most abortion-rights

Abortion & reproductive rights (liberal)

  1. 1
    Shomari Figures
    D · AL-2 · House
    -1.00
  2. 2
    Yassamin Ansari
    D · AZ-3 · House
    -1.00
  3. 3
    Greg Stanton
    D · AZ-4 · House
    -1.00
  4. 4
    Adelita S. Grijalva
    D · AZ-7 · House
    -1.00
  5. 5
    Josh Harder
    D · CA-9 · House
    -1.00
  6. 6
    Lateefah Simon
    D · CA-12 · House
    -1.00
  7. 7
    Adam Gray
    D · CA-13 · House
    -1.00
  8. 8
    Kevin Mullin
    D · CA-15 · House
    -1.00
  9. 9
    Sam T. Liccardo
    D · CA-16 · House
    -1.00
  10. 10
    Ro Khanna
    D · CA-17 · House
    -1.00

Most restrictionist on immigration

Immigration & border (conservative)

  1. 1
    Nicholas J. Begich III
    R · AK · House
    +1.00
  2. 2
    Barry Moore
    R · AL-1 · House
    +1.00
  3. 3
    Dale W. Strong
    R · AL-5 · House
    +1.00
  4. 4
    Elijah Crane
    R · AZ-2 · House
    +1.00
  5. 5
    Juan Ciscomani
    R · AZ-6 · House
    +1.00
  6. 6
    Abraham J. Hamadeh
    R · AZ-8 · House
    +1.00
  7. 7
    Vince Fong
    R · CA-20 · House
    +1.00
  8. 8
    Young Kim
    R · CA-40 · House
    +1.00
  9. 9
    Jeff Hurd
    R · CO-3 · House
    +1.00
  10. 10
    Lauren Boebert
    R · CO-4 · House
    +1.00

Most pro-immigration

Immigration & border (liberal)

  1. 1
    Adelita S. Grijalva
    D · AZ-7 · House
    -1.00
  2. 2
    Maxine Dexter
    D · OR-3 · House
    -1.00
  3. 3
    Christian D. Menefee
    D · TX-18 · House
    -1.00
  4. 4
    James R. Walkinshaw
    D · VA-11 · House
    -1.00
  5. 5
    Delia C. Ramirez
    D · IL-3 · House
    -0.98
  6. 6
    Sam T. Liccardo
    D · CA-16 · House
    -0.97
  7. 7
    Yassamin Ansari
    D · AZ-3 · House
    -0.96
  8. 8
    LaMonica McIver
    D · NJ-10 · House
    -0.96
  9. 9
    Cleo Fields
    D · LA-6 · House
    -0.96
  10. 10
    Kevin Mullin
    D · CA-15 · House
    -0.96

Every other issue

The extremes on the remaining topics — top five each way, scored from votes on each issue.

Most & least bipartisan bills

By agreement between the parties on the bill's main vote — Dem Yea% vs Rep Yea%.

Most bipartisan

A bill to designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 42 Main Street in Slatersville, Rhode Island, as the "Specialist Matthew R. Turcotte Post Office".
D 2210 · R 2110 · 100% agree
Signed into law2022-02-08

This bill designates the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 42 Main Street in Slatersville, Rhode Island, as the Specialist Matthew R. Turcotte Post Office.

PRRADA
D 2190 · R 2100 · 100% agree
Signed into law2021-02-24

Puerto Rico Recovery Accuracy in Disclosures Act of 2021 or PRRADA This bill requires professionals employed in debt adjustment cases involving Puerto Rico to file verified statements disclosing their connections with in…

PREVENT ACT of 2021
D 2180 · R 2110 · 100% agree
2022-07-13

Prevent Exposure to Narcotics and Toxics Act of 2021 or the PREVENT ACT of 2021 This bill requires the U.S. Customs and Border Protection to make containment devices available to its officers, agents, and other personnel…

HAVANA Act of 2021
D 2170 · R 2100 · 100% agree
Signed into law2021-09-21

Helping American Victims Afflicted by Neurological Attacks Act of 2021 or the HAVANA Act of 2021 This bill specifically authorizes the Central Intelligence Agency, the Department of State, and other agencies to provide p…

BRAVE Act
D 2170 · R 2100 · 100% agree
2021-11-16

Bringing Registered Apprenticeships to Veterans Education Act or the BRAVE Act This bill requires the Department of Labor, in the implementation of the Transition Assistance Program, to provide information concerning app…

To amend the Public Health Service Act to eliminate the non-application of certain State waiver provisions to Members of Congress and congressional staff.
D 1910 · R 2350 · 100% agree
2017-05-04

(This measure has not been amended since it was introduced. The summary has been expanded because action occurred on the measure.) (Sec. 1) This bill amends the Public Health Service Act, if the American Health Care Act…

Willie O'Ree Congressional Gold Medal Act
D 2210 · R 2050 · 100% agree
Signed into law2022-01-19

Willie O'Ree Congressional Gold Medal Act This bill provides for the award of a Congressional Gold Medal to Willie O'Ree or, if unavailable, to a member of his family, in recognition of his contributions and commitment t…

Housing Opportunity Through Modernization Act of 2016
D 1830 · R 2420 · 100% agree
Signed into law2016-02-02

(This measure has not been amended since it was passed by the House on February 2, 2016. The summary of that version is repeated here.) Housing Opportunity Through Modernization Act of 2016 This bill amends the United St…

Ukraine Religious Freedom Support Act
D 2162 · R 2052 · 100% agree
2022-04-27

Ukraine Religious Freedom Support Act This bill directs the President, when determining whether Russia is a country of particular concern for religious freedom under certain federal laws, to consider incidents occurring…

A bill to direct the Secretary of State to develop a strategy to regain observer status for Taiwan in the World Health Organization, and for other purposes.
D 2190 · R 2060 · 100% agree
Signed into law2022-04-27

This bill directs the Department of State to include additional information in its annual reports concerning Taiwan's participation at the World Health Organization's World Health Assembly (WHA) as an observer. The repor…

Supporting Families of the Fallen Act
D 2180 · R 2070 · 100% agree
Signed into law2022-09-29

Supporting Families of the Fallen Act This act increases from $400,000 to $500,000 the maximum coverage amount for members (or former members) of a uniformed service under the Servicemembers' Group Life Insurance program…

VA COST SAVINGS Enhancements Act
D 2070 · R 2180 · 100% agree
2023-03-08

Department of Veterans Affairs Creation of On-Site Treatment Systems Affording Veterans Improvements and Numerous General Safety Enhancements Act or the VA COST SAVINGS Enhancements Act This bill requires the Department…

Least bipartisan (party-line)

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2021
D 2190 · R 0212 · 0% agree
2021-08-24

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2021 This bill establishes new criteria for determining which states and political subdivisions must obtain preclearance before changes to voting practices may take effect.…

Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act
D 2200 · R 0211 · 0% agree
Signed into law2021-09-21

Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act This bill provides continuing FY2022 appropriations for federal agencies, provides supplemental appropriations, and extends several expiring programs a…

Combating International Islamophobia Act
D 2190 · R 0212 · 0% agree
2021-12-14

Combating International Islamophobia Act This bill establishes within the Department of State the Office to Monitor and Combat Islamophobia and addresses related issues. The office shall monitor and combat acts of Islamo…

Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act
D 0210 · R 2200 · 0% agree
2023-01-09

Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act This bill rescinds certain unobligated amounts made available to the Internal Revenue Service by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 for its enforcement activities and fo…

A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission relating to "Update of Commission's Conciliation Procedures".
D 2190 · R 0210 · 0% agree
Signed into law2021-06-24

This resolution expresses congressional disapproval of the rule submitted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) that revises the EEOC settlement process to provide employers with the factual and legal bas…

Pandemic is Over Act
D 0210 · R 2190 · 0% agree
2023-01-31

Pandemic is Over Act This bill terminates the COVID-19 public health emergency that was declared on January 31, 2020, on the date of the bill's enactment.

Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, Agriculture, Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial Services and General Government, Interior, Environment, Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, Transportation, and Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 2022
D 2190 · R 0209 · 0% agree
2021-07-29

Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, Agriculture, Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial Services and General Government, Interior, Environment, Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, Transp…

Ensuring a Fair and Accurate Census Act
D 2200 · R 0208 · 0% agree
2022-09-15

Ensuring a Fair and Accurate Census Act This bill addresses the operations of the Bureau of the Census. Specifically, the bill (1) requires the Deputy Director of the bureau to appoint an employee responsible for optimiz…

CHOICE Arrangement Act
D 0209 · R 2190 · 0% agree
2023-06-21

This bill generally provides statutory authority for certain health reimbursement arrangements and other alternative health insurance options for employers. TITLE I--ASSOCIATION HEALTH PLANS ACT This title provides statu…

Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, Agriculture, Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial Services and General Government, Interior, Environment, Military Construction, and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2023
D 2200 · R 0207 · 0% agree
2022-07-20

Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, Agriculture, Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial Services and General Government, Interior, Environment, Military Construction, and Veterans Affairs A…

A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035.
D 0211 · R 2150 · 0% agree
2026-04-29

This concurrent resolution establishes the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2026, sets forth budgetary levels for FY2027-FY2035, and provides reconciliation instructions for legislation that increase…

Secure America Act
D 0211 · R 2140 · 0% agree
2026-06-09

Secure America Act This act provides $70 billion in funding to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) through FY2029 for im…